The Great Lakes of Africa : two thousand years of history

Though the genocide of 1994 catapulted Rwanda onto the international stage, English-language historical accounts of the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa - which encompasses Burundi, eastern Congo, Rwanda, western Tanzania and Uganda - are scarce.

Drawing on colonial archives, oral tradition, archaeological discoveries, anthropologic and linguistic studies, and his 30 years of scholarship, Jean-Pierre Chretien offers a synthesis of the history of the region, one still plagued by extremely violent wars.

This translation brings the work of a leading French historian to an English-speaking audience.Chretien retraces the human settlement and the formation of kingdoms around the sources of the Nile, which were "discovered" by European explorers around 1860.

He describes these kingdoms' complex social and political organization and analyses how German, British and Belgian colonizers not only transformed and exploited the existing power structures but also projected their own racial categories onto them.

Finally, he shows how the independent states of the postcolonial era, in particular Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda, have been trapped by their colonial and pre-colonial legacies, especially by the racial rewriting of the latter by the former.In the contemporary world, argues Chretien, the Great Lakes of Africa is a crucial region for historical research - not only because its history is fascinating but also because the tragedies of its present are very much a function of the political manipulations of its past.