Non-state actor dynamics in international law: from law-takers to law-makers

Non-state actors have always been treated with ambivalence in the works of international law.

While their empirical existence is widely acknowledged and their impact and influence uncontested, non-state actors are still not in the centre of international legal research.

The idea that non-state actors are not law-makers, however, stands in sharp contrast with the growing notion of non-state actors as law-takers.