Chemical evolution of the universe

This new title discusses recent astronomical observations of molecules in various regions and eras of the Universe, and on describing the processes that determine the chemistry.

These processes include gas phase neutral exchanges and ion-molecule reactions, surface reactions on dust grains, and the radiative processing of dirty ices.

Coverage includes chemistry in the early Universe and in galaxies at high redshift, the role of chemistry in star-forming regions, circumstellar disks and planet formation and habitable zones, astrochemistry as the initiator of astrobiology, and the role of cometary chemistry.