Limits of Strategy-Second Edition: Pioneers of the Computer Industry

1992 was a killing year for the four computer companies most important to business buyers.

All four had been dominant suppliers of the preceding years.

But on July 16, the CEOs of both digital equipment and Hewlett Packard were pushed into retirement.

On August 9, many laboratories declared bankruptcy. In December, IBM halved it's dividend for the first time ever.

This edition updates and extends earlier history.