Review of the DoD-GEIS Influenza Programs : Strengthening Global Surveillance and Response

The influenza pandemics of 1918, 1957, and 1968 offer a warning to the world about the potential dangers of the influenza virus.

In 2006, after a series of cases and clusters of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian virus made clear the threat of a possible pandemic, the U.S.

Congress allocated $39 million to the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (DoD-GEIS) to increase and improve its worldwide influenza surveillance network through upgrades to its domestic and overseas laboratories' capabilities. An Institute of Medicine (IOM) committee was subsequently formed to evaluate the effectiveness of these laboratory-based programs in relation to the supplemental funding, and the report that follows details the committee's findings.

The committee that prepared this report, the Committee for the Assessment of DoD-GEIS Influenza Surveillance and Response Programs, was convened at the request of DoD-GEIS management to evaluate the execution of the fiscal year 2006 supplemental funding for avian influenza/ pandemic influenza (AI/PI) surveillance and response.

The committee was tasked with evaluating the DoD-GEIS AI/PI surveillance program for the worth of each funded project's contribution to a comprehensive AI/PI surveillance program; the adequacy of the program in view of the evolving epidemiologic factors; responsiveness to the intent of Congress as expressed in Sec. 748, H.R.1815, Pandemic Avian Flu Preparedness; consistency with the DoD and national plans; and coordination of efforts with CDC, WHO, and local governments. Review of the DoD-GEIS Influenza Programs: Strengthening Global Surveillance and Response reviews the development of conclusions and recommendations with long-term, program-level relevance as well as conclusions and recommendations regarding the improvement of specific DoD-GEIS projects. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Introduction2 DoD-GEIS Headquarters AI/PI Management and Support Activities3 Naval Medical Research Unit 2 Indonesia Avian and PandemicInfluenza Activities4 Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences ThailandAvian and Pandemic Influenza Activities5 Naval Medical Research Unit 3 Egypt Avian and Pandemic InfluenzaActivities6 U.S.

Army Medical Research Unit Kenya Avian and PandemicInfluenza Activities7 Naval Medical Research Center Detachment Peru Avian and PandemicInfluenza Activities8 Naval Health Research Center San Diego Avian and PandemicInfluenza Activities9 Air Force Institute for Operational Health San Antonio Avian andPandemic Influenza Activities10 Overarching Conclusions and RecommendationsAppendix: Cumulative Number of Confirmed Human Cases of AvianInfluenza A/(H5N1) Reported to WHO, 11 July 2007