The Poetics

One of the most powerful, perceptive and influential works of criticism in Western literary history. Aristotle's Poetics is the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory.

In this account of classical Greek tragedy, Aristotle examines the dramatic elements of plot, character, language and spectacle that combine to produce pity and fear in the audience, and asks why we derive pleasure from this apparently painful process.

Taking examples from the plays of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides, the Poetics introduced into literary criticism such central concepts as mimesis ('imitation'), hamartia ('error') and katharsis ('purification').

Here Aristotle explains how the most effective tragedies rely on complication and resolution, recognition and reversals.

The Poetics has informed thinking about drama ever since.